Often parents are faced with the fact that children do not remember information well at school. Schoolchildren listen carefully only to what interests them, and ignore the rest. Memory acts selectively. Another problem that arises at school is the inability to retell a large text. As a result, academic performance decreases.
You can train your memory and teach children to retell texts on various topics even in preschool age. For this purpose, the material is presented in the form of reference diagrams, or mnemonic tables. You can start learning as early as two years old, when the child knows some fairy tales and tries to retell them, but confuses the characters and the sequence of events. Mnemonic tables for preschoolers are first compiled by an adult based on fairy tales known to the child.
The pictures in the cells are the heroes of fairy tales. The fairy tale “Kolobok” is very convenient in this situation, where events are repeated and the characters change. For the smallest children, mnemonic tables of four to nine cells are suitable. The adult and the child go through several mnemonic tables and analyze where the heroes of fairy tales hid. We draw the following mnemonic tables for preschoolers together with the child. Children quickly learn to make tables. Subsequently, the children themselves create tables for the information provided, complicating them and increasing the number of cells.
What is the secret of mnemonic tables?
Memory development occurs due to the constant recoding of verbal information into visual images and vice versa. As a result, information is scrolled through the memory several times and is inevitably remembered.
For preschoolers aged 4-6 years, the tasks can be made more complicated: add heroes from other fairy tales to the table and ask the child to determine which heroes are superfluous. The second option is to confuse the heroes of two fairy tales in one table and give the task to distribute them across two tables. The third option is to cut several mnemonic tables and then restore them. There can be many such variants of games with mnemonic tables, or tables for memorization: restoring missing pictures, rearranging pictures in the right order, etc. Gradually, a whole card index is created from the cut tables. Cards can be scattered and an adult, reading a fairy tale, asks the child to find the desired picture.
Using mnemonic tables, you can study any topic with your child, memorize any text, for example, topics on ecology, seasons, animals, birds. Tables are especially convenient in the process of studying the seasons, when you need to remember their main features. At school age, children will have to memorize large texts and retell them. The skill of compiling mnemonic tables will help them create a reference diagram of any text based on associations and visual images. You can always take such a diagram to school and use it as a hint.
Thus, mnemonic tables are useful to use in classes with preschool children for the development of visual and auditory memory. They are useful not only in individual conversations, but also in groups, when several people can work with one fairy tale plot. If you don't know where to start compiling your first table, refer to the materials offered on our website. Here you will find examples of tables that you can take as a sample and begin to analyze with your baby. The tables are easy to download from the website, print and use in your first lessons. We are confident that you will successfully create the following tables yourself.
Using mnemonic techniques to work on fairy tales (middle group)
Rizida Faradisovna Khakimzyanova
Using mnemonic techniques to work on fairy tales (middle group)
Lately I have been very interested in the topic of MNEMOTECHNIQUES. It is her techniques that I try to include as much as possible in my work with preschoolers.
Goal: to facilitate a simplified process of memorizing the content of fairy-tale works by consistently reflecting them in illustrations.
Tasks:
— enrich children’s visual perception through illustrated presentations of fairy tales;
— enrich and activate vocabulary;
- systematize knowledge of the contents of all familiar fairy tales thanks to free access to the album, i.e., its use by children in independent activities.
The fairy-tale works in this album are presented in the form of colorful illustrations, which are arranged uniformly, i.e.:
— illustrations for fairy tales follow each other from left to right;
— illustrations for one fairy tale can be located either on one sheet of A4 page or on two sheets.
This album can be used both in joint and independent activities of children.
The principle of working on this album comes down to the fact that the illustrations allow you to retain a certain amount of knowledge.
Part of the album’s material was presented in the form of brochures “Telling Tales from Pictures”
at the regional Fair-Exhibition of Pedagogical Innovations on March 17, 2022 and became a significant addition to the Fair ranks of MBDOU – kindergarten No. 9.
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Source
A selection of mnemonic tables for preschoolers
Master class “Use of mnemonic techniques in the development of speech of preschool children”
Irina Afokina
Master class “Use of mnemonic techniques in the development of speech of preschool children”
The purpose of the master class : to familiarize teachers with the system of methods and techniques of mnemonics as a way of developing the speech, memory and thinking of preschoolers , ensuring effective memorization of texts, preservation and reproduction of information.
Objectives of the master class :
— give the concept of mnemonics , reveal its relevance, introduce the features, principles of technology, stages of working with mnemonic tables ;
— give recommendations to teachers on the use of mnemonic tables for the development of speech of preschoolers (when memorizing poems, fairy tales)
;
— increasing the efficiency of the educational process through the use of innovative methods of work;
— intensify the activities of teachers to use effective
technologies in working with children in speech development ;
— create conditions for professional communication, self-realization and stimulation of the growth of teachers’ creative potential.
Equipment: multimedia installation (projector, screen, multimedia presentation, mnemonic tables , texts.
Handouts: mnemonics , texts of poems, stories, pictures for fairy tales, mnemonics of proverbs , felt-tip pens .
Master class structure :
1 Motivational stage (1 min.)
2 Presentation of new material (13 min.)
3 Consolidating new material (10 min.)
4 Discussion on the results of joint activities. Reflection (4 min.)
Card index of mnemonic tables for memorizing poems, guessing riddles
Transcript
1 Card index of mnemonic tables for memorizing poems, guessing riddles Butenko E.A. teacher of the highest qualification category
2 I know a lot of toys... (for children of the older group) I know a lot of toys, I’m not bored at all with them: Cube, ball, scoop, net, Teddy bear, watering can, flag, bull.
3 Dear bear... (for children in the pre-school group) Dear bear, nice bear, clubfooted and funny. The bear is made entirely of plush and stuffed with fluffy cotton wool.
4 Our body Nursery rhyme (for older children) Washing dishes hurts the finger, Carrying water hurts the finger, Writing a letter hurts the finger, But the soup is ready, the finger is healthy.
5 Autumn “Autumn, autumn” (for children of the older group) Autumn, autumn is coming to us, What does autumn bring to us? Colored leaves, forest berries, vegetables for dinner, many clouds in the sky.
6 Masha went out onto the porch (for children of the older group) Masha went out onto the porch: Here is a tree growing, Here is another growing, How beautiful! Mashenka began to count and counted exactly five. Count all these trees, children! The child counts the trees in the last picture: one tree, two trees, three trees, four trees, five trees.
7 Willow (for children of the preparatory group) Near the river at the cliff The willow is crying, the willow is crying. Maybe she feels sorry for someone? Maybe she's hot in the sun? Maybe a playful wind pulled the willow by its pigtail? Maybe the willow is thirsty? Maybe we should go ask?
8 We take vegetables in our hands... We take vegetables in our hands, We put vegetables on the table. Onion, carrot, zucchini, tomato, peas, onion.
9 The Hostess The hostess came home from the market one day, The hostess brought home from the market: Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, peas, Parsley and beets, oh! Covered with a lid, in a stuffy pot Boiled, boiled in boiling water: Potatoes, cabbage, carrots, peas Parsley and beets, oh! And the vegetable soup turned out to be quite good! (Y. Tuvim)
10 We take fruits in our hands... We take fruits in our hands And put them in a basket: Plum, peach, orange, Pear, kiwi, tangerine.
11 Compote We will cook compote. We need a lot of fruit. Here. We will chop apples, we will chop pears. Squeeze out the lemon juice, add the drain and sand. We cook, we cook compote, Let's treat the honest people.
12 One, two, three, four, five... One, two, three, four, five. We will look for mushrooms. Boletus, boletus, Russula and honey mushrooms.
13 Playful squirrel The playful squirrel jumps, tears cones from the spruce branches, and then jumps to the ground and finds the boletus. The mushroom will be strung on a twig. Dry it, little boletus!
14 We build a house With a hammer and an ax We stand, building a new house. The house has many floors, many adults and children. The truck brought a new house, growling, a full body of bricks. And the other driver brought crushed stone, lime and mortar. Ringing and thunder are all around. A new house is being built quickly. It is almost ready, and a team of painters is painting the facade blue: There will be a kindergarten in the house. L. Rashkovsky
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16 We took the pictures in our hands... We took the pictures in our hands, We immediately named the furniture: Armchair, chair, sofa, couch, Wardrobe, bed and stool.
17 “Gifts of Autumn” Autumn is coming in our park. Autumn gives gifts to everyone. Red beads - rowan, pink apron - aspen, yellow umbrella - poplars, autumn gives us fruits.
18 “Pants for a bear” Masha sewed new pants for our baby. I sewed a fur coat and a scarf for the baby bear.
19 “Winter Walk” One, two, three, four, five. They blinded the snow woman. fed. We go Birds. Then we rode down the hill. walk in the yard. crumbs and then rolled around in the snow. And then they came home, ate soup, and went to bed.
20 “Water, water” Water, water! Wash my face. So that the eyes sparkle and the teeth bite. so that your cheeks turn red and your mouth smiles
21 “About insects” A striped bee flew to us yesterday. Two beetles And the spider looked at everyone, weaved webs and sang songs. And behind her is a bumblebee and a dragonfly (like lantern eyes). and a cheerful butterfly. The ants came and brought a blade of grass.
22 “Riddle (bow)” Grandfather is sitting. Dressed in a hundred fur coats. Whoever undresses him sheds tears.
23 “Daisies” Daisies, daisies, white shirts, yellow rings ran to the river. They held hands and behold: they danced together in a round dance.
24 “Walk around the city” Ships glide quietly along the Neva. The spire of Peter and Paul Fortress glitters in the distance. I wouldn't go to bed all night. If I were an adult, I would go for a walk.
25 “Pockets” I have pockets on my new dress. These pockets have daisies embroidered on them. Daisies, daisies, like meadow daisies. Daisies, daisies, as if they were alive.
26 “Summer” Summer, summer has come to us. It became dry and warm. Barefoot feet walk straight along the path.
27 sitting The grandfather is sitting, wearing 100 fur coats. He who undresses him sheds tears. Who is this? (onion)
28 The girl is sitting in prison, and her scythe is on the street. Who is this? (carrot)
29 Without windows, without doors The upper room is full of people. What is this? (cucumber)
30 Tanya came in a yellow sundress. They began to undress Tanya. They began to cry and sob. Who is this? (bulb)
