Summary of a literacy lesson “Sound and letter N”. Outline of a literacy lesson (senior group)

Goals and objectives

Goals:

• learning the letter N with children;
• develop oral and written speech;
• improving phonemic hearing - identifying and analyzing sounds;
• learning educational texts;
• We form hand motor skills.

Lesson objectives:

• learn to recognize, correctly pronounce, and write the letter N;
• through solving riddles, gain analysis and logic skills, increase interest in learning new material;
• through poems, train the child’s memory, influence the emergence of new neural connections in the brain.

Introducing the letter N

For classes you will need a picture with the image of N and a rhinoceros. Counting sticks, watercolor paint, plasticine, children's books with poems, riddles, and charades will be useful. Coloring books, colored pencils, and checkered paper will help reinforce the material.

Using the visual channel using vision

Memorization of new signs in children, regardless of age, occurs primarily through the organs of vision. The use of the visual channel is necessary to create a picture-sound association in the child. Exercises for memorizing the desired image will help you use this channel to its full potential.

First, the adult shows a picture from the alphabet depicting the symbol N and says: “This is a rhinoceros - N.” He asks you to repeat what was said, thereby strengthening the connection between the picture and the image. After some time, the teacher again shows the figure N. The child must remember the picture, then the name of the animal, and then the letter.

To memorize the image of N, it is recommended to learn a poem from a children's book with a color image of an animal. Children easily remember Lydia Grzhibovskaya’s quatrain from “The Cheerful Alphabet”: The Rhinoceros shouts to his friends: “I brought the letter N to you! You need to know the letter N to celebrate the New Year!”

After mastering the image with the picture, you should move on to memorizing one letter. To do this, the adult shows the figure N in the alphabet without pictures or, together with the student, lays it out from available means: counting sticks, pencils, candies. To consolidate knowledge and at the same time develop imagination, you should do a simple exercise on joint walks: lay out the symbol H from pebbles, twigs, and wires.

The next stage of learning through the visual channel is finding the desired figure in the middle of the word. On walks, the child is asked to find the image of H on signs made in large and clear fonts. Over time, the exercise becomes more complicated by asking in which part the desired symbol is located - at the beginning, middle or end. You can do the exercise at home using newspapers, magazines, and advertising brochures.

To secure the image, you should jointly draw a shape H on a sheet of paper and cut it out. Next, the adult cuts the letter in the middle, vertically or horizontally into 2 parts and invites the child to fold it again.

Picture from the alphabet for memorizing the letter N.

Using tactile exercises with sensations

Tactile sensations play an important role in a little person’s understanding of the world around him. Exercises using sensations develop the child’s creativity. To learn the alphabet, special games are used - exercises that strengthen the connection between sensation and the brain, helping to master new material.

Slowly draw the desired letter symbol on the child’s palm with your finger, ask him to close his eyes and pronounce the sound “n”.

Using the palms and the outstretched thumb, draw the figure N.

A fun activity would be drawing H on paper with your finger using gouache or watercolor paint.

Make a figure of N from plasticine or dough.

On the cereal scattered on a flat surface, draw an H with your finger.

Using the audio channel

Children learn to hear and distinguish hard and soft sounds in words, and then put them into syllables, using this channel of perception. Exercises using the sound method are performed both independently and simultaneously with visual or tactile ones.

The teacher slowly pronounces a series of syllables containing and not containing N: ne, for, nya, ma, well, so, nu, he, ni, ne. The child’s task: stamp his foot when he hears a hard sound [n], clap his hands when he hears a soft sound [n']. Gradually, the exercise with the same condition becomes more difficult. Instead of syllables, the adult says a series of words: Natasha, threads, Nikolai, drum, Nadezhda, clinic, sled, skates.

For these purposes, you can read poetic texts that are easy for children to understand and memorize. For example, “In the morning, a young rhinoceros washes his ears and cleans his horn.”

For older children, the task is given to remember as many words as possible that start with the sound [n] or [n'] while listening to Georgy Yudin’s story about Nikita. This is a classic children's text about how a boy began making Pinocchio's nose out of paper for the New Year. Nothing worked out for him. Nikita came up with the idea of ​​making a horn on his head, like a rhinoceros. I failed again. I was offended by everyone and decided that it would be better to come after the New Year and say that I was in an invisibility suit. The story contains many N words and is therefore considered appropriate for the activity.

Dividing soft sign

So, the soft sign does not mean and has absolutely no sound. The role of this letter in the Russian language is different: it is an indicator of the softness of consonant sounds in writing, and also performs a separating function. The topic “Dividing soft sign” is taught in the subject Russian language in 2nd grade.

Soft sign - an indicator of the softness and form of the word

The soft sign is used in writing to soften the previous consonant sound. If we hear a soft consonant sound in the middle or at the end of a word, then in writing in this place after the soft consonant we should write a soft sign: icicle, eight, bathhouse, stranded.

Also, a soft sign is written after the hissing words at the end of some words to indicate a specific dictionary form. For example, in the word mouse, a soft sign indicates that this is a noun, in the feminine form, III declension. And in the word guard, the soft sign indicates the indefinite form of the verb.

Dividing soft sign

As a dividing sign, a soft sign is used in writing to separate a consonant letter and the letters E, E, Yu, I, I. This is necessary to distinguish words that are similar to each other. For example, in pairs of words: seed - family, plaque - pour, Kolya - stakes, it is the soft sign that indicates which word is in front of us.

The soft separating sign is also written in some words of foreign origin: champignon, broth, pavilion. The spelling of such words should be memorized.

Rules for writing words with a soft sign

A soft sign is never written at the absolute beginning of a word or after a prefix.

If a soft sign is used to indicate the form of a word (night, see, go), then it is written after the consonant at the end of the word.

As an indicator of softness, b is written after the letter denoting a soft consonant sound: letter, money, dictionary.

Rules for writing words with a soft separator

1. The separating soft sign is written in the middle of the word before the vowels E, E, Yu, Ya, I: blizzard, sew, brothers.
2. The separating b is written in some words of foreign origin before the letter O: battalion, postman, pavilion.
3. The separating soft sign is written after the consonants in the roots of words: September, nightingales, daughter.

Methodological advice for teachers

In order for students to better remember new information, it is recommended to use visual material. The basic rules are formulated concisely and logically, structures in the form of diagrams and tables allow you to quickly navigate the provisions and norms.

To help the teacher, we offer two tables with rules for the Russian language on the topics:

• "The role of soft language"
• "Dividing hard and soft signs."

Tasks to reinforce the topic

To consolidate or repeat the topic “Dividing soft sign” in 2nd grade, you can use not only standard exercises on the missing letter, but also add interesting task-games to the workshop.

"Two Columns"

Assignment: divide the words into two columns, write words in the first column where b is used as an indicator of softness, and in the second column write words where b is a separator. Give your own examples of words with a soft separator.

Words: friends, elk, hare, peasant, trees, pain, family, frog, serious, primer, blizzard, benefit, fox, shreds, laziness.

Assignment for preschoolers: printed letter N

Copybook with block letter N.

The child carefully examines the figure N. The teacher focuses his attention on the different lengths and locations of the lines. The student writes the letter several times in the air, then on paper in a box on which reference points have been pre-set. If the exercise is difficult, then two vertical lines are offered for writing. You can further simplify the exercise by allowing the preschooler to trace the already written figure with a colored pencil.

Coloring page for the letter U

To make memorizing words starting with the letter U even more effective, we suggest using a creative method - coloring the letters and pictures of words starting with the letter U for children.

Fairy tales and charades with the letter N

The Iris Review fairy tale is suitable for consolidating the material:

“Once upon a time there was a letter N. Persistent, persistent, assertive. Oh! How she loved to say the word “no” to her letter friends! She had an answer ready for everything. Draw daffodils? No! Dress up? No! Pick some nectarines? Not again! The letter N liked to say “no” and not do anything. What a quarrelsome letter! The letters stopped addressing her. Who wants to hear “no” as an answer all the time?

At first, the letter N felt amazing! Nobody asked her for anything, demanded anything, asked her for anything! But how quickly she got tired of it! She wanted to be needed! And the letter N began to try. She learned to listen to what other letters were saying. She uttered the word “no” only occasionally. And she became completely different! Necessary! Tender! Resourceful! So the letter N turned from a dissatisfied letter into one that everyone likes! And one small letter from the Alphabet said that the letter N is good, because it is the most New Year’s in the world!”

Charades:

Letter N Charade

With “N” - children dream of him at night, With “K” - in the heat he gives them something to drink. (sleep - juice) With "R" - rewards you with a rash, With "N" - wins at the races. (measles - horse) I will not go into the branchy forest, My horns will get stuck in the branches, But I will exchange L for S - And the leaves of the forest will all wither. (deer-autumn)

“Sounds [Н], [Нь] and the letter N” - summary of an open speech therapy lesson in the preparatory group

Municipal budgetary preschool educational institution "Kindergarten No. 8 of the combined type of the city of Boksitogorsk"

Open lesson summary

Topic: “Sounds N, N and the letter N”

Prepared by: teacher-speech therapist of the 1st qualification category Timofeeva Victoria Alekseevna

Boksitogorsk,

2016-2017

Target:

consolidate the skills of sound-syllable and sound-letter analysis and synthesis of the sounds N, N and the letter N in didactic games using innovative technologies.

Tasks:

Correctional and educational:

• Develop skills in phonemic representations with sounds [Н-Нь];
• Fix the correct pronunciation of sounds [Н-Нь] in syllables, words, phrases;
• Reinforce the concepts of “consonant”, “hard”, “soft”;
• Develop reading skills of forward and backward syllables;
• Develop the ability to coordinate numerals with possessive adjectives and nouns;

Correctional and developmental:

• Develop articulation, general and fine motor skills, coordination of speech with movement;
• Develop auditory attention;
• Develop phonemic attention and perception;
• Develop the ability to hear a question and answer it;
• Develop logical thinking, visual perception, memory;
• Form ideas (elements) of experimental activities;
• Develop the ability to solve simple puzzles;
• Introduce Russian proverbs and sayings;

Correctional and educational:

• Develop skills of activity, cooperation, the ability to listen to the teacher and each other.

Equipment:

projector, screen, laptop, bell, presentation for an open lesson “Sounds N, N and the letter N”, six mirrors (according to the number of children), paper napkins, a tambourine, two audio recordings (the sounds of a hooting owl, the sounds of three horses with bells), owl-mitten, ball, Christmas tree, wooden beads of blue, red and green colors of different sizes and shapes, six laces, six envelopes with Tangram squares (three green squares, three blue squares), cut alphabet letters, a box of children's chocolates .

Progress of the lesson

1. Organizing time:

(children with a speech therapist teacher enter the hall)

— Guys, say hello to our guests. (Hello.) Guys, stand in the circle of “Friendship”:

Smile at each other, make friends with each other! Tight tight.

(Guys hold hands, squeeze hands)

(the signal assistant rings the bell)

- Attention, the magic bell has rung and our lesson will begin... ordered

(the children repeat the last word together with the speech therapist). Go ahead and sit at the tables.

1. Articulation gymnastics (with presentation):

You are seated in order, Let’s do some exercises together, Not with your feet, not with your hands (stomp, clap), But with your… tongues

(children repeat the last word together with the speech therapist)!

Note:

articulatory gymnastics is performed to the rhythm of a tambourine.

1. Didactic game “Pure sayings and additions”:

(sounds of an owl hooting are heard)

— Guys, what are these sounds (on the slide is a picture of a winter forest)? Where are they from? From the forest? (the speech therapist looks behind the screen and appears with an owl-mitten)

- Guys, meet the Very Wise Owl. The news spread throughout the forest that in our kindergarten the children of the preparatory group can play “Pure Sayers - Additions”. Shall we play? (Yes.)

(pictures of answers appear on the slide by clicking as children answer; the child who first names the answer repeats the phrase)

• On the! On the! On the! At night ... (moon) shines for us.
• On the! On the! On the! The guitar broke... (string).
• On the! On the! On the! Russia is my favorite...(country).
• But! But! But! At the top of the hat... (bottom).
• But! But! But! We sawed... (log).
• But! But! But! Hanging on the wall... (panel)
• But! But! But! The ball hit ... (window) again.
• Well! Well! Well! You dived under... (wave).

1. Lesson topic message:

- Well done! What sound is heard in the words: lu n

a,
string
,
country
,
bottom
,
log
,
panel
,
window
,
wave
? (child’s answer: Sound [N]).

- Right! Guys, the sound [N] - what sound is it: a vowel or a consonant; soft or hard? Repeat the sound [N] with a fist (children repeat the sound [N] several times, knocking on the table with their fist, associating it with hardness). — What color do we use to indicate the hard consonant sound [H]?

(The hard consonant sound [H] is indicated in blue).

— What will the soft consonant [Нь] sound like? Repeat it. (Children, together with a speech therapist, repeat the sound [Нь] several times in an exercise with hands: gather all the fingers on each hand into a ring and, when naming the sound, open them like a fan.)

— What color do we use to indicate the soft consonant sound [Нь]?

(The soft consonant sound [Нь] is indicated in green).

- Right! Sovunya has prepared interesting games for you with the sounds [N] - [N]. Shall we play? (Yes.)

1. Syllable warm-up with sounds [Н] - [Нь] with a ball:

- Guys, stand behind the chairs and get your little hands ready. Syllable warm-up with sounds [Н] - [Нь].

Na-nya-na No-no-but Well-nu-well No-no-no

An-an-an He-on-on Un-un-un Eun-eun-eun

- Well done! Take your seats.

1. Didactic game “The fourth odd one (with presentation):

— Let's play the game “Fourth Wheel.” Guys, name the pictures. Find the extra picture. Explain why it is redundant?

• Threads, night,

  low, Nikita

• Son,

  horse, stump, fire

• loaf, deer,

  ocean, throne

• Nose, nails, socks, threads
• Skates,

  sleds, tanks, candies

• Book, ruler, pencil,

  strawberries

1. Finger gymnastics “Pathfinder”:

— Guys, what time of year is it now? (Winter.)

— What color is winter? (White.)

- Why is everything around white? (Because everything is covered with snow.)

— What do people and animals leave in the snow? (Footprints.)

- Let's play tracker with our fingers. (On the slide there are forest clearings with footprints in the snow.) (Perform in the “Chain” exercise.)

The tracker follows the trail, the trail leads him through the snow.

1. Didactic game “Count the tracks”:

— There is a lot of snow in the winter forest. Shall we play pathfinders with Sovushka? (Yes.)

- Guys, leave the tables, stand in a semicircle.

(slide with boar tracks)

- Guys, who is this? (This is a boar.)

- Whose footprints are these in the snow? (These are boar tracks in the snow.)

- Count the boar tracks in the snow one by one. (The first child starts counting, the next one continues, etc. according to the number of children.)

Example:

one boar track in the snow, two boar tracks in the snow, three boar tracks in the snow, etc.

- Well done! Well counted the boar tracks. Shh! That's it, the boar ran away.

(On the slide there are forest clearings with footprints in the snow.)

1. Physical education minute:

- Guys, the frost is not great, but it doesn’t tell you to stand (proverb). Let's warm up? (Yes.)

Poem with the movement "Frost"

1. Guessing the riddle:

   (sounds of three horses passing by)

- Guys, what are these sounds? Guess the riddle:

They are beautiful, graceful, Their element is the excitement of the chase, Taking barriers masterfully, Flying faster than the wind

...
(Horses)
.
S. Ustabekov
- That's right! A Russian proverb says: “Horses run more happily home.” It's time for us to go back to kindergarten. "Goodbye" Owl. Close your eyes; one, two, three, four, five - here we are in kindergarten again! Open your eyes.

1. Didactic game “Christmas tree decoration”:

— Guys, go and sit at the tables (on the tables there are two metal boxes in the shape of Christmas tree balls, and there are additionally six fabric napkins). What winter holiday is coming soon? (New Year is coming soon!)

— It’s customary to decorate the Christmas tree on New Year’s Day. Let's make a Christmas tree decoration from wooden beads. The decoration is not simple, but it is sound. Who drove past us through the forest with the news of the approaching holiday? (Horses.) (slide on screen).

- Name the first sound in the word “K-oni”. (Sound [K]).

- What sound is it: vowel or consonant; soft or hard? Take the hard sound bead [K]. String it.

- Name the sound following the sound [k] in the word “k-O-ni.” (Sound [O]).

- What sound is this: a vowel or a consonant? Take the vowel bead [O]. String it so that it is the second in a row (counting from left to right).

- Name the sound following the sound [o] in the word “ko-Ni-i.” (Sound [Нь]).

- What sound is it: vowel or consonant; soft or hard? Take the soft sound bead [Нь]. String it so that it is the third in a row (counting from left to right).

- Name the last sound in the word “konI”. (Sound [I]).

- What sound is this: a vowel or a consonant? Take the bead of the vowel sound [I]. String it so that it is the last one in a row (counting from left to right).

Note:

At the request of the speech therapist, the children take turns naming all the sounds in the word, clapping each syllable, and repeating the rule: “As many vowels as there are in a word, there are as many syllables.”

- Guys, well done! This is a beautiful decoration, tie the beads with a bow and let’s go decorate our Christmas tree.

1. Didactic puzzle game “Tangram” with an element of experimental activity:

- Guys, look, there are envelopes under the Christmas tree. Santa Claus probably prepared them for you. Take them and take your seats. Look what's inside. (The guys lay out a cut square “Tangram” on the table).

Note:
three squares are green, three squares are blue.
— This is a tangram puzzle game. Assemble the square so that you get a symbol like in the picture. (Slide on screen).

- Guys, now place your mirrors at the top of the square, what do you see? (This is the letter N).

- Right! (presentation slide with a poem about the letter N).

- Oh, here’s the New Year’s letter-N. Read it three times in chorus. (N-N-N).

1. Reading simple syllables:

— Guys, remember that the letter N is read differently in different syllables: with a hard sound and a soft sound. The Tangram square reminds you of this!

- Guys, read the syllables with the letter N at the end: (alternate reading) AN, UN, ON, IN.

— Guys, read the syllables with the letter N at the beginning: (alternate reading) NA, NU, BUT, NI.

1. Didactic game "Rebus": (slide on screen)

- Guys, solve the puzzle and you will find out the name of our Very Wise Owl, without whom our lesson would not be so exciting. Remember the rule: people's names and animal names are written with a capital letter. Be careful when solving the puzzle.

- Arrange the letters according to their serial numbers. (Children have split alphabet letters).

- Well done! Read the owl's name (everyone claps together).

1. Summing up the lesson:

- Guys, today in class we repeated the sounds N, N and the letter N. (Slide with the letter-N).

— What games and tasks did each of you remember most and like? (children's answers).

- Guys, you did a great job, you coped well with the tasks of Nina the Very Wise Owl and Grandfather Frost! I sincerely congratulate you all on the upcoming holiday, grow up smart, and share this sweet gift from Grandfather Frost among all the children in your group. Bon appetit and see you again with our guests. Say "Goodbye!" and let's go to the group.

Riddles, proverbs and sayings

Riddles: “Threads”, “Nose” and the word “No” begin with this letter, and it is also found in “candy”, “Scissors” and “day”. (Letter N)

With this letter, people, mice, and cats walk along the path. And she, passing through the ear, sews us a new toy. (Letter N - legs, thread)

He comes on a winter evening to light candles on the Christmas tree. He starts a round dance - This is a holiday... (New Year)

Proverbs and sayings: Don’t leave a friend in misfortune. Every man to his own taste. There is an excuse for any ignorance. Everything is possible, you can’t just climb into the sky. Put your feet in your hands and go. Take care of your nose in the extreme cold. Well, where we do not. A week feeds a year.

Poems about the letter

To pronounce the letter “N”, put your tongue to the sky, sing it alone: ​​What kind of news - well, well!

The mink got out of the hole and went to the familiar hole. The mink entered the hole, but did not find the mink in the hole. If there is no mink in the hole, Maybe a mink next to the hole? Nowhere, no trace. The mink is here, but the mink is not!

Natasha found scissors, began to cut Nina’s hair, and her friend Masha began to dress up Nadya.

I will learn the alphabet, I will know all the letters, I will cheerfully open the book, and I will quickly begin to search. There is a mink, a rhinoceros, a striped raccoon, nutria and a seal here, they all honor the letter N.