Developing speech breathing: interesting ideas for the simplest games

Breathing is the energetic basis of spoken speech. The development of speech breathing largely determines the child’s formation of coherent speech, namely correct sound pronunciation, the ability to maintain normal speech volume, its smoothness and intonation expressiveness. By paying attention to establishing the correct speech breathing of the baby in early childhood, you can avoid many speech disorders in the future. In this article we will tell you about the features of speech breathing and ways of its development in preschool children.

Features of speech breathing in preschoolers

Speech breathing in preschool children differs from the breathing of adults and has its own characteristics:

• Insufficient development of the respiratory apparatus. If the inhalation and exhalation are weak, then the child’s speech will sound quiet and unintelligible. Sometimes, due to lack of air, children do not finish sentences. There are times when the baby tries to pronounce the entire phrase while inhaling, so he speaks quickly and does not observe logical pauses. Poor development of the respiratory system may be associated with the presence of chronic respiratory diseases in the child, such as sinusitis and sinusitis, as well as a sedentary lifestyle.
• Irrational distribution of exhaled air. Children who have recently learned to speak often run out of air on the first syllable, so they pronounce the end of a word or phrase much more quietly or even “swallow” it.
• Inability to distribute breathing according to words. To replenish the smell of the air, the child has to take a break, during which he may forget what he wanted to say.
• Speech sounds may be distorted due to improperly exhaled air.

Speech breathing in most preschool children is imperfect. But it is often difficult for parents to notice this due to the fact that they communicate with the baby constantly.

There are approximate norms for the number of words pronounced on exhalation, which can be used as a guide when assessing a baby’s speech breathing:

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DIY educational games for kids

Author: Korelova Irina Vladimirovna, teacher - psychologist MBOU Secondary School No. 7 Branch of Preschool Educational Institution No. 5, Nyandoma, Arkhangelsk Region. Dear colleagues, I present to your attention educational games that you can make with your own hands for children of early and early preschool age. They are very simple to make, but multifunctional in use. This material can also be used by parents to play with children at home. “Massage mitten” Purpose: Development of fine motor skills, tactile sensitivity, development of color and shape. To make a mitten you will need: a glove, buttons of different colors and shapes, thread and a needle. Making: Sew buttons to the mitten in a chaotic manner. What is the point of the game?! 1. Children love when they get a massage, their backs are specially propped up, and they also like to massage an adult on their own. All actions are performed through clothing. 2. Buttons of round, square and triangular shapes of different colors are sewn on the glove. Using a glove, you can practice color and shape with children by asking, “What color is the button,” “Find all the buttons that are red or any other color,” “Find all the round (square, triangular) buttons” (or similar to a circle, square, triangle). 3. Show your child a button, say yellow, and ask him to remember “What is yellow while I’m giving you a back massage.”

“Children's finger simulator” Purpose: Development of fine motor skills, tactile sensitivity, formation of the correct grip of a pea with three fingers. You will need: a glass with a screw cap, I bought one at the pharmacy, peas (safer) or bullets for a pistol, an awl. Production: Make holes in the lid of the cup with an awl, adjust the size to fit peas or pellets, but so that you need to make some effort to push the pea into the hole. The point of the game is that children practice gripping a pea with their fingers, which, in turn, forms the correct holding of a pencil and pen in the future. Then, children apply some force to push the pea into the hole, this trains gross and fine motor skills. And with older children, you can count how many peas are in the jar. I can say from experience that you can’t keep kids away from this activity, even the overactive ones.

Game “Arrange by color and shape” Purpose: To practice color and shape, to develop the ability to listen to an adult. You will need: bulk jars with multi-colored lids, a knife, cubes or balls in the color of the lids. Making: Cut a hole in the lid of the jar to the size of the cubes or balls. Progress of the game: Lay out and mix all the cubes (balls) on the table; the children’s task is to arrange all the objects by color into jars. This game teaches children to follow instructions, i.e. carry out the task as directed by an adult. Children often forget how to lay out the cubes, getting carried away by the process, and mix the colors in the jar, but after several attempts they complete the task without errors.

Game “Beads” and “Colored Tubes” Purpose: Development of color perception, visual memory, fine motor skills. You will need large beads of different colors or felt-tip pen housings, soft wire or laces, a jar for beads and housings. How to play: 1. Invite the children to assemble the beads the way they want. 2. Offer to assemble beads (cases) of the same color onto a wire or cord. 3. Beads or shells of different colors. 4. String beads or shells, alternating colors, for example white - yellow, then gradually adding a third color. If you are already familiar with the game “Colorful Caps”, posted on my blog, then these games are their predecessors, which marked the beginning of a whole series of games with colored lemonade caps. Game “Miracle Balls” Purpose: Development of fine motor skills, tactile sensitivity, consolidation of the names of the filler. You will need: a box for storing “miracle balls”, ordinary inflatable balls, filling (semolina, peas, beans, buckwheat, small horns). Production: Fill the balls with different groups, legumes, pasta quite tightly and tie the tail with thread. The point of the game: 1. Children pick up the balls, feel and sort out the filling (develop fine motor skills) 2. Children are first allowed to touch the cereal, beans, pasta, and then the balls with the filling. Task: you need to guess what is in it. A task for intelligence, development of fine motor skills, tactile memory.

Game “The Most Accurate” Goal: Development of manual dexterity. You will need a plastic bottle, scissors, an awl, self-adhesive for decoration, lace, and a Kinder Surprise container. Production: Cut a plastic bottle in half, make a hole in the bottle cap and in the base of the kinder with an awl, insert a lace with one end into the hole in the lid and tie a knot, insert the other end into the hole in the kinder and also tie the lace. Then apply self-adhesive tape to the edges of the cut bottle and slightly refine its walls. The last thing to do is screw the cap on the bottle. How to play: We hold the bottle with the cut end up, the lace goes down with a kinder at the end. The child picks up a bottle by the neck, goal: to catch the kinder in the bottle.

Game "Blow out the goal." Goal: Development of respiratory organs and articulation. You will need: a lid from any shoe box, self-adhesive, 2 jars of sour cream, yogurt or modeling dough, a knife, a piece of cotton wool (foam, feather, etc.) Manufacturing: Cover the inside of the box with self-adhesive, make markings as on football field, make a goal out of jars, slightly cutting them into the box. Progress of the game: Children can be told that they are football players and they need to blow a goal into the opponent’s goal; the role of the ball can be played by a piece of cotton wool, foam rubber, a feather and other light materials.

Game “Avoid Obstacles” Goal: Development of respiratory organs and articulation. You will need: juice straws or cotton swabs, a shoe box lid, a piece of cotton wool or a pea, self-adhesive. Manufacturing: Cover the inside of the lid with self-adhesive tape, glue or sew juice tubes or cotton swabs onto the bottom. How to play: The child is asked to blow on a piece of cotton wool or a pea and circle them around obstacles in the form of tubes (sticks).

https://formulastudio.ru/igry-na-razvitie-dyhaniya-svoimi-rukami-dlya.html

Series of messages “breathing gymnastics”:
Part 1 - Games for the development of breathing with your own hands Part 2 - Exercises for the development of speech breathing Part 3 - DEVELOPMENT OF SPEECH BREATHING using game exercises ... Part 7 - Literature for children - CORRECTING PRONUNCIATION Part 8 - Breathing exercises and games aimed at strengthening central exhalation Part 9 - The best games for the development of speech breathing

A series of messages “on the development of breathing”:
Part 1 — Games for developing breathing with your own hands Part 2 — TABLE FOOTBALL — playing and training breathing Part 3 — Funny articulation gymnastics-fairy tale “At Grandma and Grandpa’s” and more mandatory daily exercises Part 4 — Development speech breathing - games and exercises without speech, consonants, vowels Part 5 - No. No. Excellent all kinds of games

Series of messages “….——DIY GUIDELINES”:
Part 1 — Games for developing breathing with your own hands Part 2 — 10 educational games using the Montessori method Part 3 — TABLE FOOTBALL — we play and train breathing… Part 18 — Just a crazy find for those who For those who have daughters, everything is thought out to the smallest detail, we implement Part 19 - Lotto for Children. Learning Letters Part 20 - Ideas for Dads

How to breathe correctly?

When diagnosing speech development, speech therapists always pay attention to how the child breathes during a conversation, the strength and duration of his inhalations and exhalations, and how he places pauses. Formation of speech breathing is one of the first stages of correctional work with a child who has any speech disorders. Correct speech breathing has the following signs:

• Short breath through the nose;
• Exhale smoothly, the air comes out through the mouth;
• Exhalation is carried out to the end;
• After each exhalation there should be a short pause (2-3 seconds).

The development of speech breathing is closely related to the functioning of physiological breathing.

Only by learning to breathe correctly (deep short inhalation and smooth long exhalation) will a child be able to fully master his voice. The most effective methods of working with preschoolers are breathing exercises. Conventionally, they can be divided into two large groups, depending on their purpose:

1. Formation of correct exhalation;
2. Breathing training using various speech materials (practicing the pronunciation of sounds and their combinations, learning poetry).

The development of speech breathing in preschoolers allows:

• Speed ​​up the process of staging and automating speech sounds;
• Increase the number of words that the baby pronounces in one exhalation;
• Form intelligible, coherent speech;
• Coordinate the processes of speech, breathing and movements.

Literature:

1. Bolshakova S. E. Speech disorders and their overcoming: Collection of exercises. - M.: Creative Center Sphere, 2005.
2. Identification and overcoming of speech disorders in preschool age: Methodological manual / Comp. I.Yu. Kondratenko. - M.: Iris-press, 2005.
3. Krause E.N. Speech therapy massage and articulation gymnastics. Practical guide. - SPb.: CORONA-print, 2004.
4. Leonova SV. Fun warm-up // Speech therapist. - 2004. - No. 6.
5. Tsvintarny V.V. The joy of speaking correctly. - M.: Center-polygraph, 2002.
6. T. A. Vorobyova, P. A. Vorobyova Breathing and speech: Working on breathing in a comprehensive technique for correcting sound pronunciation. - St. Petersburg: Litera Publishing House, 2014.

Recommendations for performing breathing exercises

• Classes must be carried out in a well-ventilated area;
• All exercises should be performed before meals;
• Clothing should not hinder the baby's movements;
• The muscles of the child’s neck, shoulders, arms, chest and abdomen should be relaxed;
• Inhalation should occur through the nose;
• The exhalation should be long and smooth;
• Make sure that when performing breathing exercises, the child does not puff out his cheeks. At first, you can hold them with your palms;
• 3-5 repetitions of each exercise are enough, between which you should take a 2-3 second pause. The total duration of breathing exercises should not exceed 5 minutes.

It is very important to measure the amount of breathing exercises and perform them at a moderate pace to avoid hyperventilation.

Exercises to develop the strength and duration of exhalation

• Breeze. Tie several ribbons of serpentine or Christmas tree rain to a thread or lace. Invite your baby to blow on them and create a breeze. You can make the task more difficult by asking them to blow on ribbons of a certain color. The distance between the face and the ribbons should be approximately 10-15 cm.
• Leaf fall. Cut out real autumn leaves from paper or collect them from the street. Together with your child, you can arrange a real leaf fall by blowing them off the table. In the winter season, you can also play with paper snowflakes.
• Fly, feather! Let the baby throw the feather up and blow on it from bottom to top, not letting it fall.
• Pencil athletes. Draw start and finish lines on the table. At the start, put two pencils of different colors. Take turns blowing with your child on his own pencil and arrange a competition to see which of them will “run” to the finish line first.
• Sailors. Make boats out of paper or cork and lower them into a basin of water. There is a strong wind at sea - we blow on the ships, forcing them to move.

• Blow out the candles. You can role-play a birthday situation with your child. Prepare a toy set, cake and real candles. By blowing out the candles, you can make a wish.
• Pinwheel. A fidget toy is great for creating proper exhalation. Children love to watch the rotating blades and are proud of the result of their efforts.
• Whistles with the sounds of various animals and birds will also delight the baby and will be very useful for the development of his speech breathing.
• Another simple way to practice breathing is using soap bubbles.

Make sure that the child makes smooth and long exhalations. Gradually make the exercises more difficult by increasing the distance between your face and the object being deflated.

Breathing games

To carry out these games you will need simple equipment: paper devices, whistle toys, balloons.

• Flying butterflies.

It is necessary to cut out several paper butterflies and tie them by a thread to a strong rope at a short distance from each other. Butterflies should be positioned at the level of the child's face. An adult shows him how to blow on butterflies so that they begin to “flutter”, and then asks him to repeat. It is important that the baby stands straight, does not raise his shoulders as he exhales, does not puff out his cheeks, does not suck in air, and pulls his lips forward a little.

• Rainbow bubbles.

The mother shows the child how to blow soap bubbles using a straw, a cocktail tube or a special frame that comes with the bubbles. Then the baby tries to repeat. He may have difficulties, so the task of adults is to support the baby and motivate him.

• Whistles.

You will need wooden, clay or plastic whistle toys. The child is asked to whistle to hear his bird or animal sing. This is a very exciting game for preschool children; they will “whistle” with pleasure.

• Magic breeze.

You need to prepare “trees” - panicles made of colored paper cut into strips and attached to a stick (you can use Christmas tree “rain” instead of paper). An adult shows the child a magic tree and offers to blow on it to hear a light magical breeze.

• Flying ball.

To play, you need an inflated balloon, which is hung at the level of the baby's face. The parent shows the child how to blow on the balloon to make it fly up. The little player must repeat the exercise. A more difficult option is that the ball is not tied, and the child’s task is to lift it up and hold it there, using only the force of exhalation.

Exercises to practice correct pronunciation of sounds and syllables

To teach your baby to correctly pronounce vowels and consonants, syllables and sound combinations, you need to train them to pronounce them in one exhalation. Invite your baby to sing “songs” that imitate various sounds:

• “Ahhh!” - the baby is crying;
• "Uh-oh!" - the plane is flying;
• “Y-y-y!” — the steamer is humming;
• “Oh-oh-oh,” the bunny sighs;
• “F-f-f” - the balloon deflates;
• “Sh-sh-sh” - the snake hisses;
• “Ssss” - the pump is running;
• “Beep!” - the car honks;
• “Too-too” - the locomotive is moving;
• “La-la-la” - the doll sings;
• “Top-top-top” - the bear goes;
• “Drip-drip-drip” - it’s raining.

To engage your child, create a playful situation using your child’s favorite toys in class. Reinforce your speech with appropriate actions, and let the baby repeat after you.

We play with what's at hand

To play, developing the power of exhalation, it is not necessary to use any equipment. There are games that are played “without anything”, or with objects that are always at hand.

• Let's sing!

During this game, the songs are a smooth stretching of different vowel sounds. First, the mother shows the child how to sing the sound A, then O, U, Y, I, E, etc. When the baby begins to produce rather long “songs,” you can invite him to combine them: a song can consist of a sequence of vowels: A-O-I, A-U-E, etc.

• The snowball has started!

To play, you will need small pieces of ordinary cotton wool, which is found in every home. They are laid out on the table, and the adult invites the child to imagine that winter has come and it is snowing. To do this, you need to blow on the “snowflakes” so that they fly off the table. In the group version of the game, children can compete, for example, whose snowflakes will fly off first, or whose snowflakes will fly farthest.

• Living pencils.

Colored pencils are laid out on the table (round ones are more convenient to start with, later you can use ribbed ones). The child’s task is to roll each pencil with the force of exhalation to the other end of the table. In a group version, children sit opposite and roll pencils to each other from one end to the other.