Methodical piggy bank. Speech therapist booklets for parents.

The booklet is recommended for teachers - speech therapists, speech pathologists, psychologists when working with parents.

In order for the child’s speech to develop correctly, so that he can fully master it in the future, parents must comply with a number of conditions.

Contains recommendations for speech development for parents.

]"One and several"

Goal : development of speech, attention, ability to form plural forms of words.

For this game we will need pictures depicting one or several identical objects; we can also use real objects.

We show our picture and ask: “I have a pear, do you have a pear?” If the child finds it difficult, it is necessary to give an example of the correct answer: “I have a pear, and you have pears.”

It is advisable to use images of objects, the plural of which is formed using different endings: house - houses, chair - chairs, bag - bags, stump - stumps.

“Come on, bunny, let’s go!”

Goal : expanding vocabulary, developing skills in correct use of verbs.

A bunny drives up to the child in a car and tells him that he is going to build a house and asks him to load the blocks into the back of the car. After loading, wave your hand to the bunny and say: “Go, bunny.” Then a doll, a puppy and other toys arrive. We play out the journey of each toy and encourage the child to accompany everyone with the words: “Go, doll (puppy, matryoshka, etc.)!”

"Boasters"

Goal : development of speech, the ability to form the genitive case from a singular noun.

“Come on, play braggarts.” I say that I have one object, and you answer that you have many such objects.”

Adult: “I have one orange.”

Child: “I have a lot of oranges.”

Adult: “I only have one apple.”

Child: “I have a lot of apples.”

Adult: “I have one car.”

Child: “I have a lot of cars.”

It is advisable to include in this game words in which the child makes mistakes, for example: pencil, ear, house...

“Where is the nesting doll?”

Goal : development of speech, ability to use prepositions, spatial orientation skills

We put various objects that are well known to the baby on the table. We put a matryoshka doll in the middle and ask the child: “Where is the matryoshka doll?” The answer suggests itself: “On the table.” Now we ask the question differently: “Next to what is the nesting doll?”, “Next to what is the matryoshka?”, “In front of what is the matryoshka?”, “Behind what object is the matryoshka?”, “What is opposite what is the matryoshka?” etc.

"Dreamers"

Goal : development of speech, thinking, mastering cause-and-effect relationships.

Let’s invite the child to fantasize and complete the sentence: “If there are puddles on the street, then. (it was raining, you need to put on rubber boots for a walk, take an umbrella, etc.)”, “If it snowed, then. (you can ride a sled, sculpt a snowman , play snowballs), “If you eat a lot of ice cream, then.”

It is likely that soon the child will ask you to fantasize and complete his sentence.

"Make a Riddle"

Goal : development of speech, memory, imagination, thinking, attention.

We try to describe an object familiar to the child without naming it.

For example: wooden, rectangular, light, with doors, you can put things in it (wardrobe).

Delicious, rosy, plump, sweet, juicy, appetizing, green, you can make jam, compote, juice from it, grows on the apple tree (apple).

It is sharp, dangerous, metal with a wooden handle, you can use it to cut bread (knife).

Let's develop speech while playing!

for children 4-5 years old.

Prepared

teacher-speech therapist MADOU "Kindergarten compensatory type No. 35"

Chernyshova N.N.

«Whose purchases?”

Goal : consolidation of general concepts, development of vocabulary.

For this game you will need a toy hare and bear, a bag, fruits and vegetables. You can use pictures of vegetables and fruits or dummies. Invite your child to listen to what happened to the bunny and the bear in the same story.”

The bunny and the bear went to the store. The bunny bought fruits, and the bear bought vegetables. The seller put their purchases in one bag, and now the bunny and the bear can’t figure out which of them bought what.” Shall we help the bunny and the bear?

The child takes out all the items from the bag and explains whose purchase it is. At the end of the game we summarize: “What did the bunny buy? What fruit did he buy? What did the bear buy? What vegetables did he buy?

In this game, purchases can be very different: shoes and clothing, dishes and food, hats and toys, tools and electrical appliances

"Dunno's Mistakes"

Goal : development of auditory attention, the ability to coordinate words in a sentence in the accusative case.

Tell your child a story about how Dunno went into the autumn forest. He liked it there so much that he shared his impressions with his friends, but made mistakes in the story. We need to help Dunno correct his mistakes.

In the autumn forest.

I walked into the autumn forest. There I saw a gray hare, a red squirrel, and a prickly hedgehog. The hare ate a carrot. The squirrel was shelling a fir cone. The hedgehog ran along a forest path. Good for the autumn forest!

Booklet on the fairy tale

The benefits of fairy tales.

)
Fairy tales develop attention.
Listening to the description of events, miracles occurring and the adventures of the characters, the child uses all his attention and maintains it throughout the entire story.

2) Instill the concepts of good and evil.

In fairy tales, all characters are divided into good and bad, kind and evil. Listening to fairy tales, the child understands what is good and what is bad, how to do the right thing and what not to do. In addition, children tend to imitate their favorite heroes.

3) They introduce you to the world around you and people’s relationships.

4)They learn to cope with difficult situations.

5) Fairy tales console.

6)Fairy tales develop children's speech and imagination.

Reading fairy tales expands a child's vocabulary and helps develop speech. Listening to a fairy tale, the child gets acquainted with folklore, remembers proverbs and sayings (“Don’t sit in the wrong sleigh”, “There is no better friend than your own mother”). It is no coincidence that teachers and speech therapists use fairy tale therapy for classes with children with speech delays. Fairy-tale images help develop children's imagination. Putting himself in the place of a positive hero, a child can engage in battle with an enemy (a thicket of nettles) using a magic sword (stick) or go to Mars in a rocket made of pushed together chairs. Psychologists say that fantasy helps a child develop intelligence, so imagining for a child is very useful.

7) The benefits of fairy tales before bed.

From time immemorial, fairy tales have been used as a means of positively influencing the emotional state of a child. The most striking example of this impact is a bedtime story. The child listens to the soothing, lulling rhythm of the words, hears his native voice - everything is fine, his mother is nearby, a fairy tale story takes him further and further from the day's sorrows and joys, and finally he falls asleep. By the way, if your child is bothered by bad dreams, then a fairy tale will easily help you cope with this problem.

2. Rules for working with fairy tales.

A fairy tale must be selected depending on the child’s age and possible developmental characteristics. Start with the classics of children's literature: K. Chukovsky, S. Marshak, A. Barto, S. Mikhalkov, D. Kharms, Y. Moritz, V. Suteev, I. Tokmakova, V. Levin, K. Ushinsky, B. Potter, G. Boyko. Children of this age love folk tales about animals (“Turnip”, “Teremok”, “Goat-Dereza”, “Wolf and Seven Little Goats” and others), as well as folk nursery rhymes, counting rhymes and jokes. If your child does not show interest in listening, and subsequently in reading fairy tales? Don’t be upset, because you can invite him to play with a fairy tale and do everything at home, with his own hands. Do-it-yourself mini-theater at home, together with your child, who will gradually develop an interest in what you are doing together.

How is fairy tale therapy carried out in preschool institutions?

Fairytale therapy as a remedy for bad behavior, fears and speech defects is often used in kindergartens and specialized preschool institutions. Experts use various techniques for fairy tale therapy for young preschool children. The most common methods include those in which educators:

They read the works to the whole group of children, and then discuss with them some topics, the behavior of the characters, etc.
They choose a fairy tale that all the children know well, assign a role for each child, and play out the skit.
They analyze the work and assign various tasks in accordance with it. For example, children need to make a drawing that reflects the essence of the fairy tale, or share their opinion about whether the hero behaved correctly or whether something needs to be corrected.
They help you compose a fairy tale in whole or in part, for example, first read the real work, and then, together with the children, make it into an ideal fairy tale, where all the characters will be positive.

Such exercises are very useful for the development of speech, the formation of perception and the psyche of children. Each child has the opportunity to try on the role of one or another character, then learn to do the right thing and understand why it cannot be done differently.

Currently, parents and educators can find ready-made examples of fairy tales for such therapy. But the most significant effect can be produced by those works that parents select independently for their children.

Speech development with the help of fairy tales

Fairy tales as a means of developing coherent speech are widely used by educators and speech therapists. Based on fairy tales, you can create mnemonic tables, with the help of which children learn to combine different excerpts from a fairy tale into a coherent plot.

The processes of creating long sentences are activated in the child’s brain, which has a beneficial effect on speech development.

Articulatory gymnastics in fairy tales is also used by teachers as a means of developing coherent speech in preschoolers. It is this kind of gymnastics that allows you to solve the problem associated with the operation of the articulatory apparatus. During its implementation, children perform a set of special exercises that are aimed at strengthening and developing the muscles of this apparatus. In order to consolidate the acquired skills, it is necessary to repeat them many times, which usually gets very boring and interest in the actions performed disappears. Just in this case, articulating fairy tales are perfect, with the help of which children create a positive emotional mood.

Such speech therapy tales for the development of sound pronunciation produce a noticeable positive effect. To reinforce sounds, you need not only to read works, but also to act out scenes. This necessity lies in the fact that a person more easily remembers what he sees or does himself. Therefore, it is good if reading is combined with actions.

Articulatory fairy tales, as a means of developing coherent speech in preschoolers, help children speak more clearly and clearly, and pronounce sounds correctly. This technique is very important for implementation in preschool institutions, since at this age it is much easier to correctly form speech skills.

Fairytale therapy for preschoolers provides children with a unique chance to experience various life situations without harm. By applying the experience of past generations hidden in fairy tales, children can penetrate into their own world of experiences and feelings. This is the main feature of this therapy, which allows us to achieve enormous success in working with children in need of psychological and speech therapy help.

Algorithm for fairytale therapy for parents

Every parent who decides to try fairy tale therapy must follow a certain algorithm. First of all, it is necessary to determine what problem the child has and what exactly provoked his bad behavior.

Then carefully select a fairy tale for fairytale therapy for a specific purpose. The main character should be similar to the baby, for example, in appearance, character traits, and place of residence. After this, describe a situation in which this character commits a bad act or is afraid of something.

In this case, it is necessary to focus the child’s attention on how people around him react to such an act, how they express their dissatisfaction. Then the parents need to retell the plot of the work so that the character realizes the negativity of his behavior or the groundlessness of his fears.

After the story, it is necessary to discuss the story with the child, give him the opportunity to express his own opinion about the actions of the main character and ways to correct him.

Also, during the reading process, you need to draw children’s attention to the fact that a person must behave well, help older people, and speak polite words. He must understand that good always defeats evil, as a result of which the negative heroes will be punished.

An equally important point for fairy tale therapy for preschoolers is that when choosing a work, it is necessary to take into account the needs of children that are relevant precisely at this age. So the main character should be:

Active. The role that the reader will try on should be as flexible as possible. Moreover, all his actions must be successful and bring victory in the struggle.
Independent. The character must make decisions himself, perform actions, and not depend on anyone, which helps the child to be not just independent, but responsible, able to defend his point of view.
Highly valuing their own knowledge and skills. A positive hero must always be able to cope with his fears and difficulties, which helps him defeat evil. Thanks to this, the child’s self-esteem improves and self-confidence is gained.

Booklet “Fairy tale therapy as a method of working with preschool children”

ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES

PROS:

1. Guaranteed effect.

If you tell the right fairy tale today, you can see the result the very next day!

2. Education without lectures.

A fairy tale about a child is the easiest way to gently correct a child’s behavior, carefully shape his character and not put pressure on his personality.

3. Many problems can be solved.

A fairy tale can help in many situations. Does the child not put away his toys, hurt other children, bite his nails, be afraid of the dark, or won’t let his mother go? Psychologists have identified dozens of situations that can be corrected with a fairy tale.

MINUSES:

Children are individual, some kids like bright images, others may take some fairy-tale situation or character to heart. Therefore, it is worth taking a closer look at the child and explaining or slightly changing the plot twists so that the child listens to the fairy tale without unnecessary worries.

A fairy tale develops a child’s inner strength, thanks to which a person cannot help but do good, that is, it teaches him to empathize.”

(V.A. Sukhomlinsky)

Prepared by:

educational psychologist Victoria Olegovna Kovaleva

e-mail: [email protected]

Fairytale therapy as a method of working with preschool children

Novocherkassk, 2021

Moral education includes:

ü attitude towards state policy, towards the homeland, other countries and peoples (citizenship, patriotism, respect for other peoples and countries);

ü attitude towards work (hard work, conscientious work for the common and personal good, labor discipline);

ü attitude towards the public domain, material values and nature (frugality, concern for the preservation of public domain and personal belongings, environmental culture);

ü attitude towards people (democracy, collectivism, humanity, culture of communication, camaraderie, mutual respect for each other);

ü attitude towards oneself (honesty, truthfulness, modesty in public and personal life, adherence to principles, intolerance to violations of public order).

A person should be considered moral for whom the norms, rules and requirements of morality act as his own views and beliefs,

as deeply meaningful and habitual forms of behavior.

Developing one’s own views, beliefs and corresponding behavioral habits is the deep essence of moral education.

Fairy tale

- a tool for transferring experience from mouth to mouth (this is a way of cultivating a special attitude towards the world, it is also a way of transmitting to a child the necessary moral norms and rules).

Fairy tale

- a development tool (in the process of listening, inventing and discussing a fairy tale, the child develops imagination and creativity, he

masters the basic mechanisms of search and decision-making).

Fairy tale

– creates conditions where the child finds solutions to his life difficulties and problems.

We almost always associate any fairy tale with some pleasant memories..

How does a fairy tale “work”?

Psychotherapists call a fairy tale a metaphor that allows you to look into a person’s inner world. In a fairy tale, each image has its own figurative meaning. Subconsciously, any person associates himself with a hero. Thus, a fairy tale can help you immerse yourself in your inner world, think about what interferes and what helps.

“Recognizing the problem and solving it” is great, but when it comes to ourselves, things are not so simple. A fairy tale in this case provides several invaluable opportunities:

— in a situation similar to our own, it is not we who find ourselves, but the main character;

— a fairy tale can turn back time, that is, a fairy tale allows you to play out several endings.

A fairy tale is an amazing world; it makes it possible to transform the inner and outer world, to see and accept its beauty and uniqueness.

What types of fairy tales are there?

You can find many different classifications of fairy tales. The following types of works can be used for fairy tale therapy for preschoolers:

Folk or artistic tales. They allow children to develop spiritual and moral values, to teach them to sympathize, empathize, and help each other.
Cautionary tales. They broaden the reader’s horizons about how to behave in various life situations and what consequences wrong behavior causes.
Diagnostic tales. Such works allow us to identify the child’s character traits, as well as how he relates to this world.
Psychological tales. Together with the heroes of these stories, children learn to cope with difficulties, fears, and gain their own confidence.
Speech therapy tales intended for speech development. These works are used as a means of shaping the development of speech in preschool children.

Thus, for fairy tale therapy for preschoolers, various types of fairy tales are used, which are aimed at fulfilling a specific task in the child’s development, including as a means of developing coherent speech.