Alalia of speech in children, symptoms and treatment of the disease

Alalia is a persistent specific speech underdevelopment caused by damage to the cortical parts of both hemispheres of the brain. Some authors call this childhood pathology “congenital aphasia” or “developmental aphasia” by analogy with the same speech pathology in adults. There is a significant difference here - in adults, already formed speech disintegrates, and in children there is speech underdevelopment due to damage to the speech zones of the cerebral cortex (Broca's area). Similar changes occur during fetal development or early childhood.

The following types of alalia are distinguished: motor, sensory and sensorimotor. Let's look at them in more detail below.

Causes of alalia

The severity of the pathology depends on the time of brain damage. The most severe damage occurs during intrauterine development, at 3–4 months of pregnancy. Causes of damage to speech areas:

• maternal intoxication;
• toxicosis of pregnancy;
• incompatibility of mother and baby by blood type and Rh factor;
• birth trauma, asphyxia during fetal development and at birth;
• neuroinfections;
• deep prematurity;
• traumatic brain injuries at an early age;
• consumption of alcohol and nicotine by a pregnant woman;
• hereditary predisposition.

The bottom line is that with organic damage to the brain, the process of maturation of nerve cells slows down. This factor helps to reduce the excitability of neurons and reduce the conductivity of nerve impulses.

Causes of the disease

The immediate cause of persistent speech underdevelopment in children is pathologies in the development of special “speech zones” (cortical sections) of the brain. All causes of defects are divided into two large groups. Thus, brain damage can result from intrauterine causes, or from external influences on a child in the first years of his life.

Intrauterine causes of the development of the disease include:

• uncontrolled use of strong medications during gestation;
• pregnancy pathologies, including toxicosis, especially late toxicosis, which is observed in the second and third trimesters;
• fetal hypoxia due to excessively high uterine tone or umbilical cord entanglement;
• bad habits of women;
• Rh conflict between woman and fetus;
• injuries/falls of the expectant mother on her stomach during pregnancy;
• systemic diseases in women - such as hypertension, diabetes, various types of failure - renal, pulmonary or cardiac;
• prolonged, rapid or complicated labor;
• extreme prematurity of the child.

The disease can develop in a child in the first years of life as a consequence of severe neuroinfections, for example, meningitis. Less commonly, pathology is considered as a consequence of pneumonia or respiratory viral infections.

Both surgical operations under general anesthesia that a child undergoes and traumatic brain injuries can lead to persistent impairment of speech function.

In some cases, the disease does not have an organic nature and is considered by medical specialists as a result of a lack of attention on the part of parents to the development of the child’s speech.

Motor alalia

The fact that with motor alalia both hemispheres of the brain are affected is indicated by the following circumstance - this pathology is not compensated spontaneously, without special corrective work and medical support. The ontogenesis of the disorder involves complex encephalopathic disorders of the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures.

The disease belongs to the third group of clinical types of general speech underdevelopment and occurs in approximately 1% of preschool children and 0.6% of school-age children. An officially recorded diagnosis is the basis for disability.

Characteristic signs of alalia are underdevelopment of absolutely all aspects of speech:

• phonetics;
• vocabulary;
• syntax;
• morphology.

Motor (expressive) alalia in a child received its name because this defect is based on a deficiency in the motor part of speech. An electroencephalopathic study of children with motor alalia diagnoses local damage to the tissues of the cortex, as well as the hypothalamus, subcortical ganglia, thalamus optic, and brain stem. In most cases, dysfunction of the midbrain structures is observed.

Silent child. Alalia

Home — About speech therapy — Silent child. Alalia

Every family eagerly awaits their child's first words. But time passes, and there are almost no words. Or they are there, but they are so illegible and there are so few of them that the family begins to worry. Parents go to specialists and hear: “Your child has alalia.” The term sounds scary and incomprehensible. Let's figure out together what it is.

Each child is unique, so the baby does not always fit into standard developmental norms (when he walked, he began to eat himself with a spoon, he started talking). But, nevertheless, there are a number of alarming factors that should be paid attention to

- this is the so-called “red flag”:

1 year: no babbling, the child does not point to objects and does not communicate with gestures.

1 year and 3 months - does not look at toys, does not show objects and people by name to parents (normally 5-10).

1 year and 5 months - still no first words.

1 year and 6 months - the child does not say “daddy, mommy”, cannot follow simple instructions (smile, raise your hand, etc.).

2 years - does not show body parts, speech contains less than 20 words.

2 years and 5 months - does not answer questions, does not use two-word sentences (Example: mom is walking, let's go for a walk).

3 years old - does not understand prepositions and many verbs, cannot follow two-step instructions (Example: take the typewriter, and now give it to dad), speech has less than 200 words.

If a child has similar disorders, then you should contact a specialist as soon as possible, because Perhaps he has a speech delay of the alalia type.

Alalia

– a speech disorder, which manifests itself in the absence or underdevelopment of speech due to damage to the speech areas of the brain during fetal development or at an early age. In this case, all components of speech are disrupted: sound pronunciation and syllabic structure, phonemic perception, vocabulary and grammar of the native language, coherent speech. This diagnosis can only be made by a doctor (psychiatrist or neurologist) when the child reaches three years of age. Until this time, we are talking about delayed speech development.

Causes

, which can cause alalia are varied. They can act from the moment when the baby is still developing in the mother’s stomach, and until his third birthday.

Alalia is varied in its manifestations: from simple verbal awkwardness to a complete inability to speak and understand spoken speech. There are different approaches; traditionally, they distinguish between sensory (impressive) and motor (expressive) alalia.

Sensory alalia is a disorder of speech understanding that is caused by damage to the temporal lobe of the brain (Wernicke's center). With this type of alalia, the child hears (physical hearing is preserved), but does not understand spoken speech. There are few children with this diagnosis. Identifying and distinguishing sensory alalia from other disorders (for example, early childhood autism, mental retardation, etc.) is difficult.

To better understand how a child with sensory alalia hears speech, imagine that you are in another country, for example, in China. Everyone around you is talking, asking questions, but you don’t understand anything. There is a gap between the meaning/meaning of the word and its “sound shell”, i.e. native speech sounds like a foreign one. All sounds are perceived as a “heap”, speech merges with the surrounding noise.

Children with sensory alalia are characterized by unstable reactions to sounds, i.e. The baby can recognize the speech of his loved ones and not react to the speech of strangers. And if various interferences appear during speech (extraneous noise, the appearance of new people), then these difficulties are aggravated even more. In addition, many children have difficulty distinguishing everyday sounds (Example: what sounds, a hair dryer or a refrigerator?), determining the source and direction of the sound.

Therefore, diagnosis is very important, to separate children with sensory alalia from other children with similar manifestations (autism, hearing loss, etc.) in order to correctly select the types of help and successfully overcome this complex disorder.

Motor alalia

– this is a systemic underdevelopment of speech, in which the child experiences difficulties in constructing an independent speech utterance, while the understanding of addressed speech is relatively intact. This type of alalia is also caused by damage to the parts of the cerebral cortex that are responsible for the motor production of speech. This type of alalia is divided into two forms: afferent and efferent.

Afferent motor alalia is caused by damage to the parietal cortex of the left hemisphere of the brain. This department is responsible for assessing sensations during the speech process: with the help of what movements this or that sound is produced, where we direct the breath at this time, etc. Awareness of this helps to build speech motor complexes, that is, a series of movements to pronounce a certain sound. A child with this form of motor alalia experiences difficulties in constructing these motor programs, since he does not feel the position of the organs of articulation (lips, tongue) and therefore often replaces sounds or does not pronounce them at all. For example, instead of the sound “y” one hears a vague “iy”, instead of “tyu” - “syu”, “gu” - “bu”, etc. That is, sounds are replaced even by ones that are distant in sound and articulation. The syllabic structure is certainly broken: for example, instead of “give” - “da”, “porridge” - “ka”, instead of “car” - “bi”, “ride” is also “bi”, that is, they call different words in one word .. It is difficult for such children to reproduce and remember articulatory patterns even with the help of an adult.

Motor efferent alalia is a consequence of damage to the frontal parts of the cerebral cortex (Broca's center), which combine sounds, words, sentences from individual articulatory movements and “verify” this sequence. Children with this form of motor alalia experience difficulties in transitioning from one sound to another and in reproducing the correct syllable sequence. For example, “sem” instead of “seven”, “khonona” is “good”, “shomasa” is “study”, the speech of such a child is incomprehensible to a stranger. and so on. Difficulties in the transition from one syllable to another are manifested in pauses: “Pa pu is called I go r” and in repetitions of syllables: “found fingers” - found a finger. There are agrammatisms in speech; when asked how old you are, the answer is “five” - five. This form of alalia occurs 9-10 times more often than the afferent one.

To imagine what the speech of a child with motor alalia sounds like, we will give an excerpt from the recording of the boy Vanya (4 years and 11 months), he was telling a turnip fairy tale: “Vyaasa...vyasa. Ani her... tinui-tinui, and couldn’t, and couldn’t make it. Basai ani...ai...zais...mysku...toss." A rough translation sounds like this: “They pulled and pulled, but couldn’t, and didn’t make it. They abandoned her. The hare and the mouse too.” As you can see, for a child who is almost 5 years old, this fairy tale is not so easy to understand or retell.

To summarize, afferent motor alalia manifests itself in difficulties in constructing speech movements, and efferent in difficulties in constructing a sequence of sounds, in combining sounds into words.

In addition to speech manifestations, most children with motor alalia are characterized by motor disorders and an insufficient level of development of fine and gross motor skills. Such children have difficulty fastening buttons and tying shoes; assembling puzzles, appliqués, and modeling also cause difficulties.

Children with alalia get tired quickly, their attention is exhausted, and their perception is fragmented.

Alalia

- this is a speech disorder, the correction of which is carried out not only by a speech therapist, but also by a doctor and a psychologist. A psychiatrist and neurologist will select appropriate drug treatment. The psychologist will deal with the correction and development of mental functions such as perception, attention, thinking. Only an integrated approach will help you “cope” with alalia. This work is lengthy, but it is often possible to achieve verbal communication of the child.

The content of the work is determined individually and depends on the child’s speech capabilities. Sometimes children with alalia do not have basic eye contact, i.e. they simply do not look at the speaker and do not engage in communication. Then the goals and objectives of the work will begin not with the challenge of speech, but with deeper goals - with establishing eye contact, with attracting the child’s attention to the teacher’s speech, with the ability to imitate simple movements upon request, etc. Just as each child is unique, so are the methods of working with alalik. Their speech therapist selects them individually for each child.

Alalia is a complex speech diagnosis. Its correction takes a long time (from several months, in rare cases, to several years) and requires comprehensive assistance: doctors, psychologists, speech therapists. The best age to start working is 3-4 years, when children develop a thirst for knowledge and self-criticism. Based on this, we can talk about the need for early diagnosis, because the earlier alalia is detected, the more time remains for corrective work and the less chance of developing secondary intellectual defects.

Share:

Find out more about the Center's services and sign up for a consultation or lesson

You can call (812)
640-90-77
, or by filling out the form below.

Clinical picture and behavioral characteristics of children

With motor alalia, a child may have a large passive vocabulary, but finds it difficult to name even well-known words. Children cannot repeat even simple words after an adult, despite having a developed articulatory apparatus. In words they rearrange and replace syllables, omit sounds. These substitutions are not permanent; in some circumstances, children replace syllables, in others, they replace sounds in the same word.

It is especially difficult for them to pronounce words expressing abstract concepts and generalization words. Children with alalia are aware of their shortcomings. A child with high intelligence is more critical of his speech; when communicating with others, he replaces words with facial expressions and gestures. When parents have excessive demands on pronunciation, when the speech therapist tries to “introduce” sounds, despite the fact that those around him do not understand him, he shows negativism.

The scarcity of phrasal speech is very noticeable - children speak in simple sentences or sentences consisting of only subjects. If you don’t work with your baby, he won’t be able to master the grammatical structure of speech. Children make mistakes in agreeing nouns with prepositions and use case endings incorrectly.

With age, more and more automation of speech is required, and afferent motor alalia in children only increases the child’s problems. Children suffering from this pathology are diagnosed with disorders of attention, memory, thinking, analysis and synthesis of words and phenomena, emotions, will, and behavior.

The symptoms of alalia exclude balanced behavior - it is not often found in children with this speech disorder; usually they are either inhibited or too excited. Most children have impaired fine and gross motor skills, are clumsy, and their movements are disinhibited or slow.

A child with alalia has little desire to understand the surrounding reality; he is inattentive and often distracted. Visual and auditory memory in such children is reduced; such children do not strive for intellectual activity. In the process of completing tasks, they do not strictly follow instructions and therefore often make mistakes.

Symptoms and signs of alalia.

Symptoms primarily depend on the type of alalia. Motor alalia has characteristic symptoms: poor development of hand movements; poor coordination; poor performance; speech can only appear by age 4; inability to express one's thoughts in words; replacing some words with others; incorrectly constructed sentences; reluctance to talk; touchiness, isolation, aggressiveness. Sensory alalia has characteristic symptoms: impaired speech perception; repeating words after someone; isolation; changing letters in words; merging several words into one; impulsiveness, increased activity, but at the same time the child may be withdrawn or depressed by something; lack of connection between an object and the word that denotes it.

FORMS OF ALALIA:

Pediatric neurologists and reflexotherapists distinguish 2 main forms of alalia: motor alalia, sensory alalia.

Sensory alalia

With sensory alalia, the perception of other people's speech is impaired due to damage to the speech-hearing analyzer. Sensory alalia is very rare, perhaps due to imperfect diagnostics.

Features of the pathology:

• Many children with this pathology do not even respond to their own name and do not understand speech addressed to them.
• Children may understand individual words but lose the meaning of statements with the same words.
• In other cases, they understand the instructions for completing the task, but outside of this situation they cannot understand the task.
• Sometimes he incoherently repeats words he knows - logorrhea develops.

Information reaches children's brains in fragments, because they perceive it very poorly by ear. This results in incomprehensible, distorted speech, although the speech activity of such children is quite high.

Realizing their defect, many children become shy, although they do not lose the desire to communicate. Other alaliks are excitable and irritable, and may exhibit negativism and affective outbursts.

In some cases, a complex disorder is diagnosed - sensorimotor alalia.

How to suspect a problem

The main sign of sensory alalia is the child’s failure to understand the spoken language.
But the complex of symptoms of this disorder is very wide. Most often, the baby still understands some simple words and phrases. It can be trained to perceive specific phrases in a specific situation. But, reacting to the phrase “Bring the bear from the next room,” the sensory alalik will bring a certain toy from the nursery. He will not be able to repeat the task in a doctor’s or teacher’s office: there is neither the right toy nor the right room there, although another teddy bear may be sitting in a visible place in the next office. If the impairment is severe, the child may not be able to distinguish between speech and other sounds. Own speech is at the level of babble, interjections and sometimes word roots. It is incomprehensible to others (logorrhea). Another noticeable symptom is echolalia, a sudden and spontaneous repetition of heard words, often several times in a row. The child cannot repeat the same word upon request.

The patients' intelligence is preserved, but if the speech problem is not solved, the lack of communication leads to its secondary decline. Hearing is normal. In addition to speech problems, children with this disorder:

1. have difficulty maintaining attention,
2. get tired quickly;
3. subject to sudden mood swings;
4. There is often a painful reaction to stimuli of normal intensity, mainly sound.

These symptoms are similar to many other diseases of the nervous system characteristic of childhood, which are treated in different, sometimes even opposite, ways. Therefore, self-diagnosis is unacceptable, and a good result requires teamwork of doctors, teachers and parents.

Diagnostic and treatment methods

Children with any form of alalia need the help of a speech therapist, neurologist and psychologist. Neurological diagnostics helps to identify the extent of brain damage using an electroencephalogram and MRI. To exclude hearing loss, otoscopy and audiometry are performed, and in order to differentiate the symptoms of alalia from similar symptomatic pathologies, such as delayed speech development, dysarthria, autism, speech therapists and psychologists are involved in the work of the neurologist.

Sensorimotor alalia requires speech therapy examination. The speech therapist determines the following parameters:

• level of speech understanding;
• determining the number of words in the dictionary, including all speech manifestations;
• identifying opportunities for speech imitation;
• identifying the possibility of using prepositions;
• identifying the state of the organs of articulation and sound pronunciation;
• determining the maximum volume of sentences used;
• research into the possibility of changing words by numbers.

Alalik children with minimal damage to speech development are assessed for the ability to retell a simple fairy tale and answer questions about its content, and the ability to compose a story based on a series of pictures. Diagnosis is carried out in the presence of parents, using a large amount of stimulus material (toys, pictures). The speech therapist strives to establish close contact with the child.

Correction of the defect is carried out in a complex manner. Treatment of alalia in children requires the use of medications that stimulate the maturation of brain structures:

• vitamins B5 and B12;
• Cogitum;
• Gammalon.

{gallery-0}

To eliminate sensory and motor alalia, physiotherapy and microcurrent reflexology are prescribed. Drug treatment of motor alalia will be more effective if it is accompanied by corrective classes with a speech therapist, speech pathologist, or psychologist. Specialists work on the development of speech and other higher mental functions: attention, memory, thinking.

Forms of the disease

Conventionally, two main forms of this disease are distinguished:

1. sensory alalia: the child does not understand speech, although he can pronounce words;
2. motor alalia: the patient has no speech, but he can understand the meaning of speech.

When observing a mixed type of disease, signs of both types of alalia are present. This form is considered the most severe - sensorimotor.

Sensorimotor alalia in a child is characterized by isolated disturbances in the functioning of three important centers of the brain:

1. Association Center. With its help, a person can construct sentences and individual phrases.
2. Wernicke Center. Responsible for the sensory zone.
3. Broca's Center. Responsible for speech (motor area).

The first symptoms of the disorder are usually visible immediately after birth and develop during the period of intrauterine maturation of the fetus. Often diagnosed Sensory/motor

or
Sensorimotor alalia
is set as the main diagnosis for varying degrees of delays in speech and/or psycho-speech development. This is not entirely true: lack of speech or speech understanding is just one symptom of developmental delays. A local pediatrician or specialized specialists such as a psychologist or neurologist can suspect alalia in a child. A patient with a severe sensorimotor form of this disease suffers from delayed speech development. In infancy, such a baby may not utter individual sounds—baby babbling or humming is completely absent. As they grow older, there is a lack of speech: the child does not speak individual phrases, does not try to pronounce words.

Depending on the degree of severity, different forms of sensorimotor alalia are distinguished:

• mild - characterized by the presence of problems in speech development, but they are small;
• severe - with this form, the child may not speak until the age of 12.

Late speech formation, difficulties in speaking, a small vocabulary - all these characteristics, to one degree or another, may indicate the presence of sensorimotor alalia. Children suffering from a mixed form of this disease often begin to communicate using facial expressions and gestures. It is difficult for them to perceive sounds by ear and any noise from the outside, since they are not able to understand the words addressed to them. However, it should be understood that hearing is not impaired during alalia. This means that, with proper correction, it is possible to avoid a decline in intelligence in the future.

Symptoms of sensorimotor alalia can occur with disorders such as ASD, autism, delayed speech and psycho-speech development, then the symptoms are combined with the following symptoms:

• the desire to become attached to individual objects or things;
• avoiding contact with other people;
• timidity, fear of excessively loud sounds;
• crying for no apparent external reason;
• repetition of the same movements in an obsessive manner.

It is extremely important to correctly diagnose so as not to confuse the symptom complex of autism spectrum disorder with a severe form of mixed alalia, since treatment tactics and pedagogical correction will differ.

Massage technique

When treating alalia, speech therapy massage is very effective, stimulating speech zones. A full massage cannot be performed without qualifications and the use of special probes. Under the guidance of a specialist, parents can learn the simplest techniques of massaging the face, hands, lips, tongue and carry them out at home on their own. To do this, you can use teaspoons with smooth edges and your mother’s clean, warm hands. Elements of the massage are performed 5 times, all exercises begin and end with stroking.

Sequence of massage movements:

• stroking the forehead from the center to the temples, temples clockwise using the convex side of a spoon or hands;
• the eye sockets are ironed in the same way;
• cheeks are stroked in a circle;
• then the space between the eyebrows is massaged;
• The nose is rubbed, the lip and tongue are massaged.

Hand and face massage is carried out in a warm room. The massage therapist's hands are pre-treated with an antiseptic.

By massaging a child's hands, he develops fine motor skills associated with brain function and speech. It can be performed not only with your hands, but also with rubber balls, prickly curlers, Su Jok. Hand warm-up begins with the little finger, first from its outer side. Then it is recommended to move up along the finger, gently pressing on the pads, then rubbing them. After warming up the palm, its inner side is massaged.

Corrective work of a speech therapist

The speech therapist carries out step-by-step work on the formation of oral speech. Each new stage of work is built on the basis of the achievements of the previous stage.

Sequence of training:

1. Stimulating imitative activity, expanding the volume of understood speech, forming a one-word sentence from amorphous root words.
2. The appearance of the first forms of words, teaching children the ability to construct two-word sentences, expanding the scope of understanding the speech of others.
3. Learning to construct a grammatically correct sentence of 2-3 words, reproducing 3-syllable words.
4. Constructing sentences of 3–5 words, developing the simplest skills of coherent speech, developing correct sound pronunciation.
5. Expanding the volume of sentences, teaching inflection, and the ability to construct complex sentences.

If there are no complex lesions of the cerebral cortex, at the end of the correctional work, children master grammatically correct spoken language. With any form of alalia, early literacy training is necessary, since reading and writing help consolidate the learned material and control oral speech.

Medical appointment and treatment of alalia

Therapy for this difficult condition in a child begins with a visit to a speech pathologist and is comprehensive. The vector of medical efforts is aimed not only at the development of speech, but also at improving other important functions of the brain - memory, attention, thinking, as well as behavior correction.

Pharmacotherapy. Each clinic in our network offers treatment for alalia with medications that stimulate the maturation of brain structures and normalize the transmission of impulses along nerve fibers. The neurologist prescribes medications individually after examining the child.

Physiotherapy. When this disease is identified, the treatment regimen uses the possibilities of reflexology (acupuncture), microcurrent therapy, magnetic therapy, medicinal electrophoresis and electrical stimulation.

Corrective work of a speech therapist-defectologist. The formation of speech skills is in many ways the task of a speech therapist-defectologist who approaches its solution in stages. It is very important that the doctors of our centers always, moving to a new stage, consistently build on the successes of the previous one. So, first, the task of improving the understanding of other people’s speech and the ability to speak in monosyllabic sentences is solved. After this, the specialist teaches the child to construct sentences from two words and react logically to the speech of others. The next stage is reproducing complex words of 2-3 syllables and constructing sentences of 2-3 words. Having completed the development of this stage, the speech therapist-defectologist teaches the little patient the primary skills of coherent speech (the ability to compose 2-3 short sentences) and focuses on the correct pronunciation of sounds. The next stage is further work with the child’s vocabulary, expanding the volume of sentences, mastering the basics of retelling simple fairy tales and short stories.

Working with a child psychologist. This type of therapy is necessary to correct behavior that often suffers in children with speech underdevelopment.

Pedagogical techniques. Signing up for classes with children with alalia is very important for parents, since the speech therapist-defectologist will definitely give them individual recommendations for independent work with the child at home. These will be recommendations for the correct organization of the speech regime. The doctor will also recommend family games that develop fine and gross motor skills, helping to form correct diaphragmatic breathing, necessary for speech production.

If you contact our center to treat alalia no later than at the age of 2.5-3 years, then by the time the child goes to school, it is possible to completely compensate for the disorder of speech function, preventing intellectual retardation.

We guarantee that in any of our clinics you will find sensitive specialists who will help eliminate speech underdevelopment in your baby!

Silence mode when correcting sensory alalia

The speech therapist recommends to parents how to properly organize the baby’s speech and sound modes. Temporarily, adults are asked to talk to the child as little as possible, organizing a quiet hour or a hearing rest day. During this time, it is necessary to eliminate unnecessary sounds in the children's room: a playing TV, a computer, a tablet; sometimes it is recommended to remove sounding visual stimuli (toys, books). This sound mode helps to increase children's sensitivity to sounds.

The next stage is the awakening of interest in the sounds surrounding the child, the emergence of interest in imitation and perception of one’s own speech.

In the first lessons, the speech therapist develops attention, helping the child to focus on sound stimuli, teaching him to distinguish between two or three sounding objects, for example, a pipe, a tambourine and spoons. Then he is given the opportunity to play various games that will help him develop correct, smooth, diaphragmatic breathing.

At the next stage of correction, the speech therapist’s main task is to draw the child’s attention to laughter, crying and other reactions of people around him, to develop perseverance and the ability to copy the emotional reactions of others. If he is tired, the lesson stops. For the work of a speech therapist to be successful, correction is carried out from 2.5-3 years. The specialist must systematically influence each component of speech.

Cost of alalia treatment:

Prognosis and prevention

With properly organized and carefully carried out work to correct motor alalia, it is possible to almost completely compensate for this defect by the beginning of schooling and overcome the danger of further speech and intellectual underdevelopment. But such children have a high risk of developing dysgraphia and dyslexia during their schooling. Children with complex damage to brain structures or for whom correctional work began late will not be able to overcome this pathology of speech development. Therefore, in the future they are sent to special schools to continue correctional work.

To prevent the appearance of such a complex pathology, it is necessary to carefully screen the health status of pregnant women, rationally manage childbirth, and protect children from contracting neuroinfections and injuries.

That's all. Now you know how the forms of alalia differ and how to treat it, and whether this disorder can be cured without the services of specialists.