Lesson summary on the lexical topic: “Defender of the Fatherland Day. Types of troops."

Training work on the topic of lexical norms of speech Russian language grade 10

A new collection of training exercises on the topic of lexical norms of speech in the Russian language, grade 10, assignments and answers for preparation.

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Lexical norms of speech exercises

Lexical norms. Semantic accuracy of speech Words should be used only in their proper meaning. A gross lexical error is the use of a word in a meaning that is unusual for it: He fell backward and bruised his knee. Should be used: He fell on his face and bruised his knee.

TEST

1. Mark the sentences with words used in a meaning that is unusual for them.

1. Civil intervention began.

2. The intervention contributed to the escalation of the conflict.

3. Liberal writers treated the plight of the people very calmly.

4. I was completely indifferent to my brother's political principles.

5. My friend especially respects poetry.

6. The owner closely monitors the cleanliness of the office.

7. The artist painted a reproduction and left the room.

8. After a stormy meeting of household members, the housing office began repairing the house.

9. Tolstoy, as a profound psychiatrist, introduces the image of Malasha into the novel.

10. The shot did not hit the dog, but Timokhin, who was passing along the road.

TEST 2. Mark the sentences with words used in a meaning that is unusual for them.

1. The comrades congratulated the hero of the day and presented him with flowers.

2. The comrades congratulated the hero of the day and presented him with flowers.

3. Bazarov has no accomplices.

4. Bazarov has no like-minded people.

5. Laughter, the writer’s main weapon, is the pathos of his work.

6. The pathos of A.S. Pushkin’s creativity is “soul-nurturing humanity.”

7. The illustrations well imitate the main episodes of the stories.

8. The poet’s satirical works attract with their novelty and youthfulness.

9. Ilya Ilyich is confident in the normality of his life, and nothing can take him out of this balance.

10. The duelist and bully Dolokhov was promoted to soldier for his indiscipline.

Speech insufficiency (missing a necessary word) often gives rise to illogicalism: Pavel grew up in the eyes of people after the story with the “swamp penny”. Should be used: Paul’s authority grew in the eyes of people after the hysteria with the “swamp penny”.

TEST 1. Mark the sentences with illogicalisms. 1. Nagulnov’s speech is different from other heroes. 2. Katerina’s speech differs from Kabanikha’s speech. 3. The shovel hit something hard. When two rusty cast-iron pots were pulled to the surface with a crowbar, they were filled to the top with coins. 4. The shovel hit something hard. When they turned two rusty cast-iron pots to the surface with a crowbar, they saw that they were filled to the top with coins. 5. Deforge was not taken aback, put the pistol in his ear and fired. The bear fell. 6. Deforge was not taken aback: he put a pistol in the bear’s ear and fired; the beast fell. 7. I know that in the near future I will fly to the moon as freely as on a bus. 8. I know that in the near future I will fly to the moon as freely as I ride the bus now.

TEST 2. Mark the sentences with illogicalisms 1. The report indicates that twenty students are on the fourth. course are engaged in amateur activities. 2. You take on a lot! This initiative of yours will not lead to any good! 3. Patients who did not come for an appointment are handed over to the archives. 4. Great writers hang in the literature cabinet. 5. Special topics need to be discussed, including personnel and safety. 6. Since the beginning of the season, this player has scored in his third match. 7. The witness was so confused in his testimony that he even asked to be let out of the side door so as not to have to go back through the hall. 8. An application was received from citizen Olesik, asking to be released from the night watchman.

SPEECH REDUNDANCY

You should not allow the use of unnecessary words - pleonasms (month of August, period of time, feathered birds, debut for the first time, work colleagues), repetition of cognate words - tautology (tell a story, ask a question).

TEST 1. Mark the sentences with pleonasms. 1. The scientist shared his thoughts about the new research method with his work colleagues. 2. A specific feature of artistic speech is that it contains many figurative words and expressions. 3. Larger yields are a consequence of improved agricultural technology for cultivating crops. 4. To do this work, I must save every minute. 5. The twins were so similar that even their parents had difficulty distinguishing them from one another. 6. We must determine the agenda for the upcoming shareholders meeting. 7. His work is not flashy and, at first glance, inconspicuous. 8. Participial phrases are separated by punctuation marks. 9. The note refers to the unsatisfactory organization of leisure and free time. 10. In the fourth quarter of this year, machines stood idle for 20 days.

TEST 2. Mark the sentences with pleonasms. 1. Currently, the production lines at our plant have not yet been put into operation. 2. The longer the break between sports competitions, the less effective the athletes are. 3. Recently, reproductions of paintings by famous artists have been reproduced. 4. To do this work, I must save every minute of time. 5. More than a hundred delegates attended the conference. 6. I was pleasantly surprised by the success of this athlete. 7. The teacher’s speech should be understandable. 8. The performance of the artists was accompanied by long and prolonged applause.

TEST 3. Mark the sentences with tautology. 1. We are getting closer and closer to the cave. 2. The boats were getting closer and closer. 3. Machines make labor-intensive work easier for workers. 4. Growing tea is a very labor-intensive process. 5. The plaintiff proves his claim with unsubstantiated evidence. 6. Among the papers of Captain Tatarinov, indisputable evidence of my rightness was found. 7. The poet poetically describes our beautiful midday region. 8. I earn my bread through hard, honest work. 9. The appearance of this manifesto was an important event in the life of society. 10. Farm workers did a lot of work on the construction of the complex.

TEST 4. Mark the sentences with tautology. 1. Students successfully completed their homework assigned last week. 2. Students successfully completed their homework assignments last week. 3. I want to list the character traits characteristic of Chatsky. 4. The images depicted by the writer clearly reflected the features of the younger generation of Russia. 5. It was not without difficulty that we managed to solve these complex and difficult problems. 6. The disadvantages of the manual include the insufficient amount of illustrative material. 7. It is necessary to distinguish between different approaches to this problem. 8. In conclusion, the narrator told the audience a funny story. 9. It is necessary to note the problems that arose during the study. 10. In January, a lot of excess products were delivered to trading enterprises in excess of the plan.

LEXICAL COMPATIBILITY

Lexical compatibility should not be violated. Violation of lexical compatibility is a common speech error: have a piano, play a sign. Should be used: to matter, to play a role.

TEST 1. Mark the sentences with a violation of lexical compatibility. 1. The role of books in a person’s life is great: he must expand his horizons. 2. The role of books in a person’s life is great: he must expand his horizons. 3. He wanted to say something, but his tongue was dumbfounded. 4. Am I capable of doing the things the characters in the book do? 5. Everything in life was given to Onegin superficially, easily.6. The task we set has been achieved. 7. A series of new models of passenger cars will be produced by the plant. 8. This thesis was weaker substantiated than the previous one. 9. The air is clean. The sun is shining brighter. Breathe fresh. 10. Now, as the sports observer noted, the gap in the score has been smoothed out.

TEST 2. Mark the sentences with a violation of lexical compatibility. 1. Recently, the level of presentation of speakers has deteriorated. 2. Pensioners believe that their standard of living is declining. 3. This football team has won more than one wonderful victory. 4. A lecture at the Faculty of Physics was given by a famous scientist who has worked in the field of electronics for many years. 5. Serious attention was paid to this important issue. 6. At the meeting of shareholders, speakers made a number of comments, the elimination of which will help in the work. 7. A new turbine was installed and put into operation at the hydroelectric power station. 8. The products of this company are in great demand. 9. Priority should be given to improving the skills of personnel. 10. He spent most of his free time in the reading room.

MIXING PARONYMS

Paronyms (words that are close in sound but different in meaning) should not be mixed: spectacular appearance and effective activity, the main task and the capital letter.

TEST 1. Mark the sentences with mixed paronyms. 1. Myopia that increases throughout life is progressive myopia. 2. These ideas seemed progressive for that time. 3. Petrov was a very practical person. 4. In September, a scientific and practical conference was held at the university. 5. A new attempt was unsuccessful again. 6. I think I am a very unlucky person. 7. I wandered through the forest for two hours. 8. Wandering aimlessly through the streets, he experienced intolerable melancholy. 9. This root issue needs to be addressed immediately. 10. He became absent-minded and uttered incomprehensible phrases.

TEST 2. Mark the sentences with mixed paronyms. 1. We cannot discuss Natasha Rostova for this. 2. This evening we discussed the plan for the future lesson. 3. The sun rose and illuminated the garden brightly. 4. Several couples skated on the ice illuminated by Jupiters. 5. The list goes on. 6. I express my gratitude to my supervisor. 7. It is necessary to provide travelers with hostel accommodation. 8. Comfort has been created in all wards, which has a beneficial effect on the general mood of the patients. 9. His appendicitis was removed last year. 10. Yesterday there was a meeting between two friendly teams.

GENERALIZED TEST Note violations of lexical norms. 1. Tikhon became the inert culprit of Katerina’s death. 2. I first met my future wife at a student party. 3. During the interval between lessons, the teacher entered the classroom. 4. We must prioritize improving literacy. 5. The standard of living of department employees has increased. 6. In the near future, the cost of manufactured goods should be reduced. 7. This year, work on developing new varieties of elite wheat is progressing successfully. 8. From the very beginning of the meeting, his opponent began to think for a long time and, as a result, got into time trouble. 9. I would like to thank the publisher for publishing and releasing this book. 10. There are many defects in this text of the speech.

Test 8. Lexical norms. Mark the sentences that contain speech errors - tautology or pleonasm. 1. My mother has a birthday in February. 2. Such people like to make promises to attract people to their side. 3. We feel the hidden subtext behind these words. 4. The hairdresser has posted a new price list. 5. The article outlines the main provisions of the new concept. 6. The hare probably realized that he, completely white, could calmly lie on the white snow. 7. A small detail prevents the solution to this issue. 8. Her facial features are clearly defined. 9. The young man jumped into the carriage of a rushing train at full gallop. 10. The purpose of man is high; to be human means to strive for perfection. 11. To support his words, the lawyer gave many arguments and evidence. 12. Petrov’s report testifies to his erudition and reading in this area of knowledge. 13. Bazarov was a man of remarkable intelligence and ardent heart. 14. The first premiere of the play took place at the new drama theater yesterday. 15. The professor studied unusual exotic plants for many years. 16. Large amber beads complemented her outfit. 17. At night, the recreation park is guarded by security guards. 18. The park is famous for its ancient centuries-old oak and maple trees. 19. An old black silk scarf wrapped around the master’s neck. 20. It’s nice to talk to a pleasant person. 21. To understand the national mentality of the Russian people, you need to seriously study the history of Russia.